Plato: “The city will become ideal when either philosophers will become Rulers or Rulers will somehow turn philosophers.” Plato was a famous political thinker and idealist. Plato was the teacher of Aristotle (father of political scientist – realist/rationalist).
Books: Republic, Statesman, Apology etc.
(Note: Below mentioned text is the thought of
Plato, not of me.)
Ideal State: To make the human beings a perfect human
being and to maintain peace and justice, an ideal state is required. An ideal
state could be developed only with the division of society into three categories;
ruling class (reason), warrior class (courage) and working class (appetite/desire).
Philosopher Ruler: A ruler/king should be philosopher
or the philosopher should be made ruler. A philosopher king runs the state affairs
with efficiency and effectively because of his wisdom.
Warrior Class: Physically strong men should be
appointed to maintain law and order in the city state and to secure the city
from outer attacks. Physically strong men make a powerful army.
Working Class: Professional working class should
arrange the food for the society. So, that ruling and warrior class perform
their duty with efficiency.
Sources
of corruption are mind, family and property. Education is the best tool for the mind
to eliminate corruptness. For the ruler and warrior class, there will be no family
and property. Communism of family and property for ruler and warrior class. State
will fix mating seasons. Best of men will mate with best of women to get the best
rulers and warriors in the future. There will be a large family of ruler and
warrior class, and they will be the fathers of every child. Women have equal
rights with men are equally capable to rule.
Justice Theory: An unjust person will become just and
law-abiding in an ideal state. Each part of the state will perform its duty with
efficiency and effectively, because they are capable for the duty. There will
be no interference in others profession.