Introduction: The Communist Party of China was founded in 1921. It's chairman, Mao Zedong proclaimed the establishment of the People’s Republic of China on 1st of October 1949. In 1966, more than one million landlords were killed by the workers or peasants, with the support of People's Liberation Army in the name of Cultural Revolution, which lasted until his death in 1976. Mao propagated that business class wants to install Capital System in the country and their execution is necessary for Class Struggle.
After Mao, next chairman Den Xiaoping, brought prosperity with his Opening
China strategy.
Political System of China: China is a communist unitary
state. National People’s Congress is the parliament of China, having nearly 3,000 members. Candidates are elected
to the National People’s Congress for a five years term. Congress has power to elect and remove the President with majority vote. President is the head
of state, having ceremonial powers only, elected by Congress. President is elected
for five years term, with no limit of renew. National People’s Congress
Standing Committee helps the Congress in legislation. Standing Committee
members are about 175, who are chooses from Congress. During the membership of
Standing Committee, they cannot hold any other officer like executive and
judiciary. Bills and amendments are proposed and made by Standing Committee and
are approved by majority vote in the Congress. Congress has power to revoke the
inappropriate decision of Standing Committee, but it didn’t happen. Hence,
Standing Committee has greater power in legislative process. Premier is
approved by Congress on the nomination by President. Premier has also fiver
years term, only once renew. Premier is the highest civil servant of China.
Premier is not like the PM in Britain or Pakistan, but an administrative post,
wo helps in administrating and organizing the civil bureaucracy of the China,
with the help of State Council (like cabinet). Thus, executive is controlled by
the Congress through premier. According to the Constitution of the China, executive,
legislative, judiciary and military forces are under the head of state, “President”,
who had delegated powers to different branches like premier, Congress, Military
Commission and Chief Justice.
Chinese Communist Party is the sole political party of the China, runs political affairs of the country along with some other minor parties. Chairman of the party holds the office of the president and is the Chairman of the Central Military Commission. Party has the ideology of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping's Theory and Xi Jinping thought. Party promotes communist ideology with central democracy. Communist party’s top leaders have most of the seats of Standing Committee. This is the 2nd largest party with 100 million members after India’s BJP at 1st with 200 million members. To join party, an application is submitted by a candidate. On approval, membership is granted on probation for one year and then regular membership. During probation period, member is educated about the ideology and rules of the party. Now membership is awarded mostly to educated and technical persons. Chinese Communist Party has full control over legislation, executive, judiciary and military.