George Elton Mayo (1880-1949) was an Australian psychologist, researcher and theorist. He wrote “The Human Problems of an Industrialised Civilization” in 1933. Moreover, he was Critique of Taylorism (Scientific Management) and laid the foundation of the Human Relations Movement that further gave rise to HRM (Human Resource Management).
What is the Hawthorne Effect? (Hawthorne Works – Electric factory). A type of reactivity in which individuals modify an aspect of their behaviour in response to their awareness of being observed. He worked to reduce a high turnover rate in a textile plant. In his research, he experimented on employees like change in rest period, grouping, incentives, etc.
The Human Relations School of Thought was started by Mayo, focused on managers' behavior towards workers, treating workers as people and respecting their opinions and gave more importance to their mutual interaction.
Administrative Behaviour is a process by which people within an organisation work. According to “Administrative Behaviour: A book written by Herbert A. Simon,” States that decision-making plays a pivotal role in Administration and psychology of human choice, and it should not be ignored.
Human Resource Management is a strategic approach for efficient and effective management of human capital in a company to ensure that the organisation is achieving success through its employees. HRM concerned with performing activities like; employee recruitment, training, reward on performance, issue resolving, pay and benefits.
Theory X & Y of Motivation:
Theory X assumes that a worker is not interested in the organisation's interest and works only under strict surveillance. Whereas, Theory Y says that every worker is creative and works under desirable circumstances. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the management to provide a suitable environment to get better output.