1899-1956: Under British Colonial rule (Independence on 01.01.1956) - Since Independence, Sudan has remained under civil war between Arab African and Non-Arab African.
1989: Military coup by Umar Al-Bashir, who deposed P.M Sadiq Al-Mahdi and became President (3 times through rigged elections).
2003: Sudan Government used Janjaweed Militia (Arab Africans) against the rebels (non-Arab Africans in Darfur region.
2005: Peace agreement between Sudan Government and Sudan Liberation Movement.
2011: Independence of South Sudan (Non-Arab Africans having traditional religions - non-Muslims).
2013: President Umar Al-Bashir issued an order to make Janjaweed militia a para-military force to assist the government to bring law and order in the Darfur region. He named it RSF (Rapid Support Force) and appointed Muhammad Hamdan Dagalo (Hemetti) its general. It is pertinent to mention here that another reason behind the formulation of this force (RSF) was to prevent a military coup in the future by dividing the power of the Armed Forces into two factions i.e. RSF and the SAF,
April, 2019: After the independence of South Sudan, Sudan lost more than 75% oil, which resulted in financial repercussions. To mitigate it, the government withdrew subsidies even on staple foods, hence the inflation skyrocketed. As a consequence, protests erupted across the country against Al-Bashir - demanding him to step down. When the economic, social, political and law and order situation became out of control, the RSF and SAF worked together to depose Umar Al-Bashir in a military coup. Moreover, General Abdul Fateh Al-Burhan became the Commander-in-Chief as well as the de facto ruler of Sudan.
August, 2019: General Abdul Fateh established the Transitional Sovereignty Council (TSC) composed of military officers and civil members/politicians to run state affairs. General Abdul Fateh Al-Burhan and commander Muhammad Hamdan Dagalo became chairman and vice chairman respectively of TSC. Moreover, the TSC was tasked to handover government to the civil elected government (Prime Minister) within 39 months.
October, 2021: The president Abdul Fateh Al-Burhan dissolved the Transitional Sovereignty Council in a military coup-2021 and re-established it. He replaced civil members of the Council with those civil members, who were part of the government of Umar Al-Bashir in the past, which made the chairman doubtful before General Dagalo. According to the chairman of TSC, it is impossible to transfer power to the elected government while there are two powerful armed forces with two commanders. Therefore, he presented a bill in the Council to integrate RSF under the regular Sudan Armed Force, and under one command i.e. the president Abdul Fateh Al-Burhan within two years, whereas the commander of RSF required a time of ten years.
15th April, 2023: Both of the generals disagreed with each other and proclaimed their control over Khartoum International Airport, Presidential palace and several military bases. Major clashes have been reported in Khartoum, Omdurman and Bahri. The SAF has an upper hand with the help of the Sudanese Air Force, while the RSF has an air defense system to repel air-strikes. Till now, several important buildings/infrastructure have been damaged in Khartoum and Omdurman. Furthermore, hundreds of civilians have been killed/injured and thousands have been displaced.
General Dagalo has become the one of the most wealthy persons in Sudan with Gold mining, car rental, transport, iron and steel business. RSF militia personnel have their bank accounts in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Moreover, they earned a lot of money from their services in Yemen from KSA. General Dagalo has stronger relations with UAE, Saudi Arabia and Russia than his counterpart General Abdul Fateh Al-Burhan. However, Egypt, Libya, United Nations (UN), Russia, United States of America (USA), China and other neighboring states have no interest in the internal peace of Sudan, but they are interested in their own political and economic relations. Ceasefires have been agreed a number of times, but nobody agrees to it truly.
It is unlikely that the president of Sudan, General Abdul Fateh Al-Burhan will retreat now, because it is like a defeat of the Sudan government and the end of the presidency of General Abdul Fateh Al-Burhan. On the other hand, Dagalo will also not move back, because doing this is the death of him and the serious consequences for his whole militia. Somehow, RSF gets amnesty, but General Dagalo will lose his perks and privileges i.e. freedom in usage of funds, Gold mining & others businesses, direct dealing with international political leaders and a political leader and a commander equal to that of the General Abdul Fateh Al-Burhan. Therefore, it is impossible that General Dagalo will retreat. It is the need of the hour that the international world, United Nations (UN) and countries like the USA, UK, France, Russia and China come forward to solve the Sudan conflict. The solution of this conflict is necessary to avoid a new cold/world war, because evil minds could use this conflict for their evil purposes.